Core & IMS Learning

๐•๐จ๐‹๐“๐„ ๐‘๐จ๐š๐ฆ๐ข๐ง๐ : ๐–๐ก๐ฒ "๐‡๐จ๐ฆ๐ž ๐‘๐จ๐ฎ๐ญ๐ข๐ง๐ " ๐‚๐ก๐š๐ง๐ ๐ž๐ ๐„๐ฏ๐ž๐ซ๐ฒ๐ญ๐ก๐ข๐ง๐  ๐ŸŒโœˆ๏ธ

Jan 9 / Core & IMS Learning
๐•๐จ๐‹๐“๐„ ๐‘๐จ๐š๐ฆ๐ข๐ง๐ : ๐–๐ก๐ฒ "๐‡๐จ๐ฆ๐ž ๐‘๐จ๐ฎ๐ญ๐ข๐ง๐ " ๐‚๐ก๐š๐ง๐ ๐ž๐ ๐„๐ฏ๐ž๐ซ๐ฒ๐ญ๐ก๐ข๐ง๐  ๐ŸŒโœˆ๏ธ

If youโ€™ve ever roamed internationally and noticed your ๐—ฉ๐—ผ๐—Ÿ๐—ง๐—˜ call takes forever to connectโ€”or drops to 3Gโ€”youโ€™ve experienced the battle between ๐—Ÿ๐—•๐—ข (๐—Ÿ๐—ผ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐—น ๐—•๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ธ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜) and ๐—ฆ๐Ÿด๐—›๐—ฅ (๐—ฆ๐Ÿด ๐—›๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฒ ๐—ฅ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด).

In the early days of LTE, we thought ๐—Ÿ๐—•๐—ข was the future. Today, ๐—ฆ๐Ÿด๐—›๐—ฅ is the undisputed king. But why?

๐“๐ก๐ž ๐†๐ซ๐ž๐š๐ญ ๐ƒ๐ž๐›๐š๐ญ๐ž: ๐‹๐๐Ž ๐ฏ๐ฌ. ๐’๐Ÿ–๐‡๐‘ โš”๏ธ
๐Ÿ. ๐‹๐๐Ž (๐‹๐จ๐œ๐š๐ฅ ๐๐ซ๐ž๐š๐ค๐จ๐ฎ๐ญ):
โ€ข ๐“๐ก๐ž ๐‚๐จ๐ง๐œ๐ž๐ฉ๐ญ: The voice call is handled by the ๐—ฉ๐—ถ๐˜€๐—ถ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐—œ๐— ๐—ฆ ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐˜๐˜„๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ธ.
โ€ข ๐“๐ก๐ž ๐๐ซ๐จ๐›๐ฅ๐ž๐ฆ: It requires massive integration between the Home and Visited operators (complex NNA agreements). Itโ€™s like trying to get two different orchestras to play the same song without a rehearsal. ๐ŸŽป

๐Ÿ. ๐’๐Ÿ–๐‡๐‘ (๐’๐Ÿ– ๐‡๐จ๐ฆ๐ž ๐‘๐จ๐ฎ๐ญ๐ข๐ง๐ ):

โ€ข ๐“๐ก๐ž ๐‚๐จ๐ง๐œ๐ž๐ฉ๐ญ: The UE treats the Visited network as a simple "pipe." All ๐—ฆ๐—œ๐—ฃ ๐˜€๐—ถ๐—ด๐—ป๐—ฎ๐—น๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด and ๐—ฅ๐—ง๐—ฃ ๐˜ƒ๐—ผ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฒ ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ธ๐—ฒ๐˜๐˜€ are tunneled back to the Home IMS via the S8 interface.
โ€ข ๐“๐ก๐ž ๐€๐๐ฏ๐š๐ง๐ญ๐š๐ ๐ž: Faster time-to-market. The Home operator maintains total control over services like ๐—ฃ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐—ฑ ๐—ฐ๐—ต๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ด๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด and ๐—Ÿ๐—–๐—ฆ (๐—Ÿ๐—ผ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐—ฆ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฒ๐˜€).

๐“๐ก๐ž ๐“๐ž๐œ๐ก๐ง๐ข๐œ๐š๐ฅ ๐“๐ซ๐š๐๐ž-๐จ๐Ÿ๐Ÿ: ๐‹๐š๐ญ๐ž๐ง๐œ๐ฒ ๐ฏ๐ฌ. ๐‚๐จ๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐จ๐ฅ โš–๏ธ
When using ๐—ฆ๐Ÿด๐—›๐—ฅ, the ๐—จ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐—ฃ๐—น๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฒ (๐—ฅ๐—ง๐—ฃ) has to travel all the way from the Visited country to the Home country and back.

โ€ข ๐‚๐š๐ฅ๐œ๐ฎ๐ฅ๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง: If you are roaming in Japan with a UK SIM, your voice packets travel ~๐Ÿ๐Ÿ–,๐ŸŽ๐ŸŽ๐ŸŽ๐ค๐ฆ twice!
โ€ข ๐“๐ก๐ž ๐’๐จ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง: To keep ๐— ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜๐—ต-๐˜๐—ผ-๐—˜๐—ฎ๐—ฟ (๐— ๐Ÿฎ๐—˜) latency below the ITU-T recommended ๐Ÿฐ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฌ๐—บ๐˜€, operators must use high-speed ๐—š๐—ฅ๐—ซ/๐—œ๐—ฃ๐—ซ providers with optimized peering.

๐“๐ก๐ž ๐‚๐ก๐š๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ž๐ง๐ ๐ž ๐Ÿ๐จ๐ซ ๐Ÿ“๐† (๐•๐จ๐๐‘) ๐Ÿš€ As we move to ๐Ÿฑ๐—š ๐—ฆ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฑ๐—ฎ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ป๐—ฒ, the industry is sticking with ๐—ฆ๐Ÿด๐—›๐—ฅ logic (now called ๐—ก๐Ÿฏ๐Ÿฎ interface roaming), but the complexity of ๐—ก๐—ฒ๐˜๐˜„๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ธ ๐—ฆ๐—น๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด adds a new layer.

๐Ÿ’ก ๐๐ฎ๐ž๐ฌ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐Ÿ๐จ๐ซ ๐ญ๐ก๐ž ๐‚๐จ๐ซ๐ž ๐๐ž๐ญ๐ฐ๐จ๐ซ๐ค ๐ž๐ฑ๐ฉ๐ž๐ซ๐ญ๐ฌ: Do you think ๐—ฆ๐Ÿด๐—›๐—ฅ is sustainable for Ultra-Low Latency applications in 5G, or will we eventually have to move back to a "Local" processing model?

๐‹๐ž๐ญโ€™๐ฌ ๐๐ž๐›๐š๐ญ๐ž ๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ž ๐œ๐จ๐ฆ๐ฆ๐ž๐ง๐ญ๐ฌ! ๐Ÿ‘‡
#Telecommunications #VoLTE #Roaming #5G #IMS #S8HR #NetworkArchitecture #MobileNetworks #TechDeepDive

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